Global & Disaster Medicine

Archive for the ‘Kids-Infants’ Category

Sandy Hook Elementary School: The unintended consequences of well-intended generosity.

NYT

“……In the six and a half years since the deadliest elementary school shooting in American history, more than $100 million in federal, state, corporate and private money flowed into this community of about 28,000 in southwestern Connecticut……so much money engulfed the vulnerable, wounded Newtown that it inevitably sowed division. The town became a case study of how Americans’ material expressions of grief can become more an obstacle than an aid to recovery……..”

  • 60,000 teddy bears

“……..Lesson 1” from Sandy Hook is for the authorities — the mayor, the city council or the governor — to swiftly establish a single nonprofit benefiting victims and their families, so money intended for them is not atomized, or given to charities that lack the experience or ability to distribute it to them.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7uv3zqSq9o

 


Kashmir’s Children in the Labor Market

IPS

“…..According to government figures, there are over 175,000 children actively involved in child labour in the state, which has a population of 12 million.

Mir says the actual number of child working could be much higher as government figures only reveal the reported cases and a majority of the child labour cases go unreported due to the fear of punishment.

An independent report titled “Socio Economic and Ethical dimensions of Child Labour in Kashmir” conducted in 2005 by Professor Fayaz Ahmad claimed that at the time there were more than 250,000 children in the state working in auto repair shops, brick klins, as domestic labourers, and as carpet weavers and sozni embroiderers.

One of the prime reasons for child labour was poverty……

A 2009 study conducted by the Department of Sociology, University of Kashmir, reveals that about 66 percent of child labourers have only studied until the eighth grade. It further states that 9.2 percent of child labourers are between five and 10 years old, while 90 percent of them are between 11 and 14 years old.

The study also points out that once children start earning money, 80 percent of them stop attending school…..”


Egypt: One in five children are stunted or too short for their age

IPS News

WASTING                                                    STUNTING                                                     UNDERWEIGHT

Low weight for height                               Low height for age                                                 Low weight for age

 

In Egypt, despite the investment in the health sector, and a notable decline in child mortality, malnutrition rates remain high.


For young children under five years of age:
• Stunting remains a significant public health concern in Egypt, affecting 1 in 5 children

• Wasting has increased significantly since 2000, and the trend is significantly higher among girls

• Wasting and underweight stand at 8 and 6 percent, respectively

• The incidence of anemia is high, standing at 27 percent

Stunting is a measure of chronic malnutrition; it reflects inadequate nutrition over a long period, or effects of recurrent or chronic illnesses. The stunting rate of children under five is the percentage whose height-for-age is below minus 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe stunting) from the median heightfor-age.

Underweight reflects both acute and chronic malnutrition. The underweight rate for children under-five is the percentage of whose weight-for-age is below minus 2 standard deviations (moderate) and minus 3 standard deviations (underweight) from the median weightfor-age.

Wasting is a measure of current acute malnutrition, which may reflect acute food shortage or recent episodes of illness. The wasting rate is the percentage of children under-five whose weightfor-height is below minus 2 standard deviations (moderate) and minus 3 standard deviations (severe) from the median weight-for-height.

Overweight is defined as excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. The overweight rate among children under five is the percentage whose weight-forheight is above plus 2 standard deviations from the median weight-for-age. Among adolescents and adults, it is the percentage of individuals with a Body Mass Index equal or higher than 25.


4/20/1999: At approximately 11:19 a.m., Dylan Klebold, 18, and Eric Harris, 17, dressed in trench coats, began shooting students outside the school before moving inside to continue their rampage. By 11:35 a.m., Klebold and Harris had killed 12 fellow students and a teacher and wounded another 23 people.

HxC


A bus full of school children was set on fire by its driver (an Italian of Sengalese origin) in the outskirts of Milan on Wednesday in an apparent protest against migrant drownings in the Mediterranean

Reuters

“…..All the children managed to escape unhurt before the bus was engulfed in flames…..”


3/19/1937: Nearly 300 students in Texas are killed by an explosion of natural gas at their school

HxC

Nearly 300 students in Texas are killed by an explosion of natural gas at their school


Maternal and neonatal mortality is high in Africa. Why?

Lancet

Volume 7, ISSUE 4,
Pe513-e522, April 01, 2019
Maternal and neonatal outcomes after caesarean delivery in the African Surgical Outcomes Study: a 7-day prospective observational cohort study

“…….Findings

Between February, 2016, and May, 2016, 3792 patients were recruited from hospitals across Africa. 3685 were included in the postoperative complications analysis (107 missing data) and 3684 were included in the maternal mortality analysis (108 missing data). These hospitals had a combined number of specialist surgeons, obstetricians, and anaesthetists totalling 0·7 per 100 000 population (IQR 0·2–2·0). Maternal mortality was 20 (0·5%) of 3684 patients (95% CI 0·3–0·8). Complications occurred in 633 (17·4%) of 3636 mothers (16·2–18·6), which were predominantly severe intraoperative and postoperative bleeding (136 [3·8%] of 3612 mothers). Maternal mortality was independently associated with a preoperative presentation of placenta praevia, placental abruption, ruptured uterus, antepartum haemorrhage (odds ratio 4·47 [95% CI 1·46–13·65]), and perioperative severe obstetric haemorrhage (5·87 [1·99–17·34]) or anaesthesia complications (11·47 (1·20–109·20]). Neonatal mortality was 153 (4·4%) of 3506 infants (95% CI 3·7–5·0)……..”

UNICEF: Global cases of measles are surging to alarmingly high levels, led by 10 countries accounting for more than 74% of the total increase.

Unicef

Countries with ten highest increases in cases between 2017 and 2018

Ukraine 30,338
Philippines 13,192
Brazil 10,262
Yemen 6,641
Venezuela 4,916
Serbia 4,355
Madagascar 4,307
Sudan 3,496
Thailand 2,758
France 2,269


2/25/1984: A huge gas leak explosion destroys a shantytown in Brazil, killing at least 500 people, mostly young children.

HxC

“….When workers opened the wrong pipeline on February 24, highly combustible octane gas poured into the ditches of Vila Soco. Soon after midnight, an explosion was sparked, and a fireball ripped through the favela. Some homes were literally thrown hundreds of feet into the air; others were instantly incinerated. The temperature at the heart of the fireball was estimated at 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit…..”

 

 


Guatemala, 2017: After hours of incarceration someone lit a match. Fire, a locked door, guards nearby, and 41 girls dies

NYT


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