Global & Disaster Medicine

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Typhoon Trevor



Parts of Northern Australia are being evacuated


Cyclone Trevor is expected to strengthen and hit the Northern Territory on Saturday as the equivalent of a category 3 or 4 Atlantic hurricane.




3/20/1995: Aum Shinrikyo religious cult members, riding on separate subway trains, secretly release lethal sarin gas killing 12 and injuring more than 5000.

HxC


Snake envenomation in Nambibia

Lancet

  • “…..From August, 2015, to July, 2016, there were 721 snakebites recorded, with a peak in December. Of these, 372 resulted in serious injury. 569 bites happened in regions outside the city, and the patients were transferred to Katutura State Hospital after stabilisation.
  • 123 injured people were children younger than 5 years,
  • 120 injured people were aged 6–18 years old, and
  • 133 injured people were older than 19 years.
  • Children younger than 6 years were affected more by the bites than older children and adults.
  • Of the 33 deaths recorded, 21 were children younger than 6 years…..
  • 116 (18%) of 721 patients were treated with polyvalent or monovalent antivenom, and 30 (26%) of these patients died.
  • The low administration of antivenom therapy could be a result of supply line deficiency, insufficient knowledge of clinical providers, or other factors. ….”


Fears are growing for more than 500,000 people in the Mozambique city of Beira, after aid agency officials warned that 90% of the area had been “destroyed” by Cyclone Idai.

CNN

  • Category 2 storm with 175 kph (110 mph winds)
  • The official death toll stood at 84
  • “everything indicates that we can have a record of more than 1,000 dead.” Nyusi described seeing “bodies floating” in the water after two rivers broke their banks “wiping out entire villages ” and isolating others.
  • “It’s a real humanitarian disaster of large proportions,”

Cyclone Idai & Mozambique

CNN

‘…….”Officially, we have a record of more than 84 dead but everything indicates that we can have a record of more than 1,000 dead,” [President] Nyusi said, adding that “100,000 people are in danger.”…..’


NYC & Superstorm Sandy: Household Disaster Preparedness Research

Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management

Household Disaster Preparedness in New York City before Superstorm Sandy: Findings and Recommendations

V. Nuno Martins, et al.
“……Findings indicate that household disaster preparedness levels in NYC are high, especially regarding the acquisition of emergency supplies and communication resources. A trust in local government and assistance from one’s social network are the strongest predictors of general household preparedness. Exogenous variables in our model – low income households and those with functional and access needs residents – will be more vulnerable during an actual disaster since they are less able to access communication technologies to search for self-protective disaster information and to communicate their needs during an emergency……”

U.S.: Infectious Diseases Occurring in Workplaces

Su C, de Perio MA, Cummings KJ, McCague A, Luckhaupt SE, Sweeney M. Case Investigations of Infectious Diseases Occurring in Workplaces, United States, 2006–2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25(3):397-405. https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2503.180708

Reported case investigations of infectious disease occurring in workplaces, by industry categories, occupations, and diseases, United States, 2006–2015*

Industry category (NAICS code) Occupations Infectious diseases References†
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting (11) Hunter Brucellosis (61)
Farmer Variant influenza A(H3N2); Escherichia coli infection (83); (71)

Rodent breeder


LCMV infection


(82)


Construction (23)


Laborer


Coccidioidomycosis


(23,25)


Manufacturing (31–33) Drum maker Anthrax (2)
Poultry vaccine production worker Salmonellosis (29)
Poultry-processing worker Campylobacteriosis (17)
Furniture company worker Tuberculosis (54)
Slaughterhouse inspector Q fever (65)

Automobile manufacturing worker


Legionnaires’ disease


(81)


Transportation (48) Truck driver Streptococcus suis infection; cryptosporidiosis (79); (88)

Pilot, flight attendant


Malaria


(37)


Professional, scientific, and technical services (54)


Laboratory worker


Vaccinia virus infection, HIV infection, plague, cowpox, meningococcal disease, brucellosis


(13,3035,86)


Administrative support and waste management and remediation services (56)


Landscaper


Tularemia


(21)


Education services (61)


School employee, teacher


Influenza


(8)


Healthcare and social assistance (62) Healthcare worker (security guard, nurse, nursing aide, physician, volunteer, environmental services) Mumps; MRSA skin infection; norovirus gastroenteritis; adenovirus 14 infection; RSV infection; Trichophyton tonsurans skin infection; meningococcal disease; influenza; salmonellosis; Ebola virus disease; measles; TB (51); (52); (56); (57); (62); (64); (66); (11,68); (87); 
(14); (92); (12,77)

Childcare worker


E. coli infection


(72)


Arts, entertainment, and recreation (71) Wildlife biologist Plague (59)
Animal caretaker MRSA skin infection (63)
Adult film performer HIV infection (36)
Spa maintenance worker MAC infection (22)
Filmmaker Coccidioidomycosis (24)

Day camp counselor


Histoplasmosis


(26)


Food services (72)


Cook, food server


Norovirus gastroenteritis; salmonellosis; E. coli infection


(20); (19); 
(89)


Other services except public administration (81) Embalmer TB (16)
Animal refugee worker Tuberculosis; sealpox virus infection (28); (18)
Pet store worker Salmonellosis (74)

Missionary worker


Melioidosis; dengue fever


(75); (70)


Public administration (92) US Customs officer Measles (9,10)
Police officer Meningococcal disease (66)
Firefighter Cryptosporidiosis (88)
Correctional officer Cryptosporidiosis; Shiga toxin–producing E. coli infection; TB; coccidioidomycosis; (78); (71); (12); (90)
Military Legionellosis; TB (73); (53)

*An expanded version of this table showing complete details on all cases is available online (https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/25/3/18-0708-T1.htm). HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LCMV, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; MAC, Mycobacterium avium complex; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; TB, tuberculosis. NAICS, 2012 North American Industry Classification System (https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/).
†Reference numbers >50 and additional details on the literature search are available in the Appendix.


Was it an “honor killing?”

BBC

“A court in Pakistan has acquitted the father, brother and uncle of a woman who died in a suspected honor killing last year.

Sana Cheema, 26, lived in Italy but died while visiting her family in Gujrat in April 2018.

She was originally buried without an autopsy – but when exhumed a cause of death was identified as strangulation…..”


India: Uttar Pradesh is among those states that have banned the slaughter of cows and as a result, the state has a serious problem with elderly cattle that no longer yield milk being set free by farmers who cannot afford to feed them.

Independent


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